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What is generator?
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Generator:
Generator is a electrical machine which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
(Define the underground cable.Explain the construction of underground cable and it's properties.) Underground cables: The transmission and distribution of an electrical power can be done with the help of overhead transmission line or by underground cables. In dense populated area like cities, the use of overhead transmission line is not practicable and in such a case we can use underground power cables. The underground cables of course come with other amenities, the advantage include smaller voltage drops and lesser probability of fault occurrence. On the other hand their production and installation cost is higher and used where overhead lines aren't viable due to practical limitations or risk involved. A typical underground cable consists of a conductor's covered by a number of insulating and protecting layers necessary for its satisfactory operation. Construction of Underground Cables: Conductor : Usually one, three or more (depending upon the application) conductors ar...
What is Kirchhoff's current and voltage Law (KCL & KVL) ? KIRCHOFF’S CURRENT LAW (KCL) It states that “ In any circuit or network, the algebraic sum of currents meeting at a point is 0”. In other words, total current leaving a junction is equal to total current entering that junction. C onsider a junction A, where five branches carrying currents I1, I2, I3, I4 and I5 meet.Where I1 ,I4 are incoming current and I2, I3, I5 are outgoing current. Then, according to KCL I1+(-I2)+(-I3)+I4+(-I5) = 0 or, I 1- I2- I3 + I4- I5 = 0 or, I 1 + I4 = I2 +I3 +I5 i.e. INCOMING CURRENT = OUTGOINT CURRENT KIRCHOFF’S VOLTAGE LAW (KVL) It states that “ The algebraic sum of product of current and resistance in each of the conductors in any closed path or mesh plus the emf in that path is always 0”. i.e. Ʃ IR + Ʃ emf = 0
Instrument Transformer (CT and PT) (What is instrument Transformer? Explain it. Or explain about current transformer and potential transformer. Or explain construction details and working of CTs & PTs ) Current, voltage, power and impedance are the fundamental parameters of a power system. Condition of power system whether it is healthy or not will be determined by variation of these parameters from the values of those at normal operating condition. So the detection of fault and hence clearance of fault can be achieved if we can monitor these quantity throughout the operation. Normally power system variables are of very large magnitude in the range of Kilo Volts and Kilo Amps. It is very much costly and even impossible to use that quantity directly for control and protection but what we can do is that to reduce in proportionate amount and use that reduced quantity in required purpose. Transformer of special design used for that purpose are called instrument transformer. They ...
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